Who invented the reading and writing system for the blind?

• A. Itard
• B. Seguin
• C. Louis Braille
• D. Maria Montessori

Answer: (C)

This question asks who created the tactile system used by people who are blind to read and write. Louis Braille, a French student at the Royal Institute for Blind Youth, devised a reading and writing method based on raised dots arranged in a 3-by-2 cell. Each pattern of raised dots represents a letter, number, punctuation, or later musical and mathematical notation, allowing readers to explore texts by touch. The system streamlined earlier concepts of night writing into a compact six-dot cell, making literacy practical and widely adoptable. This breakthrough dramatically increased independence for blind readers. The other figures were important educators and innovators in disability education, but they did not invent this tactile code.