Which validity type focuses on whether test items cover the full content of the construct?

• A. Construct validity
• B. Criterion validity
• C. Predictive validity
• D. Content validity

Answer: (D)

Content validity is about whether the item set adequately covers the full domain of the construct. The goal is to ensure that all relevant aspects or facets of what you’re trying to measure are represented by the test items, so important parts aren’t left out. Experts review the items and map them to the construct’s domain to confirm that the coverage is complete and balanced across its facets, sometimes using a formal content validity index. This makes it the best fit when the question asks about coverage of the entire content of the construct.

In contrast, construct validity asks whether the test truly measures the intended concept and relates to other measures as theory would predict. Criterion validity looks at how well the test scores align with an external criterion, and predictive validity specifically concerns the test’s ability to forecast future outcomes. These focus on relationships and predictions rather than ensuring comprehensive content coverage.