Which technique is most recommended to minimize strain when lifting or lowering a student?

• A. Bend at the waist and use back muscles
• B. Twist the torso
• C. Lift with arms extended above the head
• D. Bend the knees and use leg strength

Answer: (D)

Using leg muscles by bending the knees is the safest way to minimize strain when lifting or lowering a student. When you squat and keep your back straight, you recruit the strongest muscle group for lifting—the legs—so the load is carried by muscles designed for this work rather than by the lower back. Keeping the student close to your body reduces the lever arm and the strain on your spine, making the lift steadier and safer.

Twisting the torso or bending at the waist places uneven, risky stresses on the spine, increasing the chance of back strain. Lifting with arms extended overhead also creates a long lever and reduces balance and control, which is unstable and tiring. By maintaining a stable stance, a neutral spine, and a close transfer, you protect both yourself and the student. If needed, seek assistance or use assistive devices to ensure a safe transfer.