Which model views the child as defective?

• A. Medical model
• B. Social model
• C. Inclusive education
• D. Behavioral model

Answer: (A)

This question explores how different disability models view where the problem lies. The medical model treats disability as a defect or impairment inside the person, focusing on diagnosis and finding ways to fix or cure the condition. It sees the child as defective and centers interventions on correcting the individual’s physical, sensory, or cognitive limitations through medical care, rehabilitation, or assistive devices.

In contrast, the social model shifts the focus to barriers in the environment and society—such as attitudes, inaccessible spaces, and lack of accommodations—arguing that these factors create disability, not the person. Inclusive education and similar approaches align with this view, aiming to remove those barriers and support participation for all students. The behavioral model looks at observable actions and uses reinforcement and teaching strategies to change behavior, rather than labeling the person as defective.

So, the model that views the child as defective is the medical model.