Which model is associated with labeling children by disability?

• A. Behavioral model
• B. Inclusive education
• C. Social model
• D. Medical model

Answer: (D)

The main idea is how disability is framed and labeled within different approaches. The medical model treats disability as a health condition located in the individual. Professionals diagnose specific impairments, assign labels to describe those conditions, and often focus on treatment or normalization of the individual. Because the emphasis is on identifying an impairment, children are labeled by their disability.

By comparison, inclusive education centers on broad access and supports for all students, not on labeling individuals by a disability. The social model shifts the focus to barriers in society and environments, arguing that disability arises from external factors rather than the person’s impairment, so labeling is less central. The behavioral model concentrates on observable behaviors and learning strategies to change them, rather than defining the person by a medical label.

So, the medical model is the one most associated with labeling children by disability, because it foregrounds diagnosis and impairment as defining features.