What is the purpose of placing a shunt in the brain for some individuals with spina bifida myelomeningocele?

• A. To drain cerebrospinal fluid by diverting it to another area of the body.
• B. To strengthen vertebral bones.
• C. To treat bladder dysfunction.
• D. To repair leg muscles.

Answer: (B)

In managing hydrocephalus that often accompanies spina bifida myelomeningocele, the shunt’s job is to drain excess cerebrospinal fluid away from the brain’s ventricles to another part of the body, typically the peritoneal cavity. This reduces intracranial pressure and helps protect brain tissue, supporting better development and daily functioning. The idea is to provide a controlled pathway for CSF to be absorbed, since obstruction or impaired absorption can lead to headaches, cognitive or motor difficulties, and other serious problems if left untreated. The other options don’t reflect this purpose: a shunt does not strengthen bones, cure bladder dysfunction, or repair leg muscles.