Token economy is an example of what type of behavior modification strategy?

• A. Time-out
• B. Positive reinforcement
• C. Punishment
• D. Token economy

Answer: (D)

A token economy is a structured system that uses positive reinforcement to shape behavior. In this approach, individuals earn tokens for meeting target behaviors, and these tokens can later be exchanged for preferred rewards or activities. The tokens act as conditioned reinforcers, strengthening the likelihood that the desired behavior will occur again.

This stands in contrast to time-out, which reduces behavior by taking away access to reinforcement, and punishment, which introduces a consequence meant to decrease behavior. The token economy isn’t just a general form of positive reinforcement; it’s a specific, organized method that uses tokens as tangible reinforcers and an exchange system to maintain motivation and progress.