The modified Angoff method is described as an approach to estimate what?

• A. An estimate of how many will fail
• B. An adjustment to item difficulty
• C. A broader domain definition
• D. A different scoring anchor

Answer: (A)

The main idea is using expert judgments to set a passing standard by estimating how a minimally competent examinee would do on each item. In the modified Angoff method, judges estimate the probability that such a candidate would answer each item correctly. Adding those probabilities across all items yields a recommended passing score. That cut score effectively translates into an estimate of how many examinees would fail if that standard were used. So this method is about forecasting the proportion who would not meet the threshold, not about directly changing item difficulty, redefining the domain, or altering the scoring anchor.